Editor Notes: History is the written record, whereas prehistory is all time before a written record in any given region on the planet. Recent history (i.e., the past 150 years) has recorded a huge global increase of consumption of sugars/sugar products, processed grain products, Omega 6 rich animal foods, and processed foods in general. In addition, history provides us written accounts of the remaining hunter and gatherers and remote pastoralist populations - and their vitality when on their traditional diet. Some articles are relevant in more than one chronicle section (e.g., history and ethnography), and therefore listed in multiple sections.